2008-03-30

PWN 2 OWN - Linux 贏了

不知道你有沒有聽過CanSecWest?那是一個資通安全研討會。不是像教育部喜歡玩那種無聊的資通安全遊戲,而是真的討論,會影響我們電腦、資料、網路使用的安全問題的研討會。那邊也有一個比賽,叫PWN 2 OWN。(不知道什麼是PWN?)這次有三台電腦:一台Macbook Air,跑OS X 10.5.2,一台Lifebook,裝Windows Vista SP1,跟一台Vaio,裝Linux - Ubuntu Gutsy。你可以拿到那台電腦的帳號,然後目的是屈機,得到可以完全控制這台電腦的權限。

第一天只可以透過網路連接。如果當天有人成功,可以得到兩萬美金,也可以把那台筆電帶回家。(所以PWN2OWN...)不過,沒有人成功。第二天可以坐在那台電腦前,使用它的軟體,可以上網到“特別”的網站等。獎金是一萬美金,電腦一樣可以帶走。那天Macbook Air失敗了。(Safari的問題)

第三天也可以自己安裝軟體,那時候Vista因為Adobe Flash的問題被入侵。有人得到5000塊美金跟一台Fujitsu的筆電。唯一沒有讓人屈機的系統是Ubuntu Gutsy的電腦。Hmm, 你需不需要一個比較安全、穩定、不會限制你、很方便使用的作業系統?(我有沒有說它是免費的?)Well, get it!

2008-03-29

華語 - yes!

我想大家應該還記得教育部把台灣使用的標準語言開始叫成“華語”的新聞。當時教育部還有另外公告一些措施,而好像不一定每個人會喜歡那些措施。我也不一定喜歡教育部所做的事情(例如“資通安全”...),但是這次我贊成,我甚至還高興。為什麼?

台灣人在語言方面使用的名稱蠻亂。你不覺得?可能是因為你習慣,因為你從小就一直聽到這些名稱,說法等。但是我們看一下之前人家怎麼稱呼這個語言。身為外國人,我常聽到人家問“你會不會講國語?”這個問題還比較正常,不過 - “國語”是什麼?它是國家的語言。所以,在日本它是日語,在英國是英語等。

在台灣你可能還不會注意,因為這裡的國語就是現在叫華語這個語言,但是如果你在英國用華語問一個人他會不會講國語 - 請問,你問他哪一種語言呢?他的“國語”好像是英語... 所以,“國語”不是一個很萬用的名稱。

另外呢?“你會不會講中文?”一樣是一個常聽到的問題。不過... 如果我要認真回答的話,我必須說“不會”。為什麼?很簡單:我不會“講文”。我可以寫文,但是不會講。我會講話,會講語言,但是不會“講文”。你沒有從這個角度看過,是不是?因為你從小就一直習慣...

那我們看一下“對面”的人怎麼說。他們好像用蠻像的語言,也有其它用同樣字的語言,所以他們怎麼解決了呢?所有的“地方言”(是不是地方言是別的問題)叫“話”。如果對他們用“語”的名稱,也許有人會想那是另外的語言,不只是地方言。那,如果是另外的語言,是不是... 剛因為北京政府不想聽到這種想法,地方言是“話” - 廣東話,上海話等。

也有相當台灣“國語”的名稱:普通話。這個名稱其實也不會表示是哪一種語言,只是普通的話。不過,中國早就有相當“華語”的名稱:漢語。所以,”漢語拼音“的意思是那是標準語言(標準發音)的拼法。名稱本身沒有說用什麼字拼。

不過,我們回到台灣吧。雖然,如果繼續比較下去,你可能有更多的機會發現台灣在語言方面的用詞多亂,但是我們不用比較,我們直接看台灣的用詞就可以發現不少矛盾。你有沒有發現,在台灣很多語言有兩個名稱:日語跟日文、法語跟法文等。為什麼?啊,一個是講的,一個是寫的。Hmm... 為什麼其它語言不會這樣分?而且,為什麼要分?不是一樣的語言嗎?而且,你有沒有發現:有英語跟英文,德語跟德文,但是你自己的“中文”沒有“中語”?(而且“台語”沒有“台文”這個"對象")可惡的人可能說那是因為你沒有話說 - 但是還好我不是可惡的人...

你也許沒有注意,但是這個分別造成相當大的麻煩,因為讓很多人誤會一些事情,例如語言跟文字的分別。在台灣,很多人認為語言跟文字是一體的,但其實不然。平常,每一種文字並不只有某一種特定語言在使用。

不相信?請問,“文字”是什麼語言?有人回說那是“中文字”,所以很多人會說那是華語,但是... 如果我現在說那個要唸"moji",因為是日語?一樣的字... 或者"also"怎樣?“英文字”,對不對?抱歉,我說那是德語,而它的意思是“所以”。

但是德語不是有那種“特殊”的字嗎?像"äöü"?沒錯,德語因為發音的關系需要比英語多一些字。但是文字還是一樣,而且都不是什麼“英文字”或“德文字”,是羅馬字。羅馬字是這個行球上作流行的文字

我們在台灣為了寫華語平常用的字其實也不是什麼“中文字”,而是“漢字”,漢族的字。而且,不只有華語在用:日本也在用,韓國有用過,越南也是。或者我們來看看蒙古:他們原來有自己的字,以前也用過漢字,但是現在用西里爾字。那個也不是“俄文字”...

所以,這個“某某語”跟“某某文”的分別不太好,造成誤會,也造成麻煩。(“英文名字”...)其實,只有“字”這個字已經夠麻煩。很多人會說“字”就是相當英語的"word"。當然,因為我們一個字在英語就變成一個"word",對不對?

真的嗎?請問,“書” - 一個字,對不對?好。那,“書法” - 一個字還是兩個字?怎麼沒有聽到聲音?如果你覺得這些只是奇怪的外國人想出的,而字當然是"word"的意思,可不可以引證“辭海”(這裡剛好有1988年的)?它認為字是“代表語言的一種符號;(例)文字”。

所以,“”這個名稱,不管是哪一種語言的文字,只代表我們眼睛看到的“圖片”,只是文字的造型,但是完全不管那個“符號”有附什麼音或意。羅馬字有造型跟音,沒有意思,幾個字拼起來才變成一個詞。所以“字”代表的只是外觀、造型、圖像,就像"L"這兩條線或"F"這三條線。這兩個“字”只是那幾條線的意思。

或者針對漢字來說,雖然每個漢字有它的造型,有它的唸法,有它的意思,但是“字”代表的只是其中的“造型”。如果要代表意思,那個好像叫“詞”或“辭”,但不是“字”。例如“日”是一個字,也是一個詞 - a character and a word。字的部分只是四劃/五條線。詞的部分是天/太陽的意思。

不過,在台灣誰真的在乎?

所以我高興教育部終於開始整理語言方面的一大團亂...

2008-03-28

學生車禍地理訊息系統 - Accident GIS

我知道我是口譯,所以我不應該做這種東西,但是有時候我就忍不住... :D 這次為什麼有做出這個呢?

我們學務處雖然會記錄車禍,但是第一,他們知道的車禍只是學生通知教官的,第二,他們只會記錄每月多少次車禍,多少人受傷,然後公告這些數字。不過,他們不會記錄(或至少不會公告)車禍是誰的錯,也不會公告哪裡發生。

我覺得這對學生不太有用,所以考慮做出這個GIS (Geographic Information System)。Google幾年前已經開始提供GMaps,但是近一年多才終於有台灣的地圖資料。GMaps的API好像也還一直在變化中,但是平常的變化是增加,不是減少。如果你自己也想“玩”一下,可以先看官方的blog

如果你覺得那些都好複雜(就像對一些人開啟一台非Windows電腦一樣“複雜”),不用擔心,我在這裡會告訴你一個很簡單的方法。你知不知道Google Docs?這個服務原來只要讓你在線上建文件或工作表,後來人們發現其實可以把這文件經過分享連結到Gmaps - 或者其它服務。

意思是,我只需要一個HTML檔,放在我的web server,改一些連線的資料,然後永遠只需要在工作表裡面加資料,不用再動HTML檔。有沒有興趣?那我跟你說怎麼做。

我們先需要HTML檔,所以我們最好到我的GIS,在那邊按Ctrl-U(view page as source),然後存檔。之後你當然需要一個適合的地方可以放這個檔案。這可能是一個小小的網頁空間,但是也可能是你自己的伺服器。決定這個位置之後你必須申請自己的Gmaps key。你要在你的網站使用GMaps的地圖,你先需要有連接的key。

下一步:工作表。我們在Google Docs建立新的工作表。請建這些欄位(在第一行每個欄位寫一個名稱): rank, date, long, lat, acc, resp, text,就像這個圖:


說明:rank是排名位置,每次比行少一個。rank決定在網頁上列的順序。date是日期,當然。你可以用別的寫法,但是這個比較簡單使用,也可以很容易讓電腦以日期排序。acc是學生車禍時的交通工具。我原來想用漢字,但是GMaps在這裡好像還不支援。所以我用簡單的數字:1=走路,2=腳踏車,3=機車,4=汽車。resp要表示車禍責任:1=對方,2=學生。而在text可以寫簡單的車禍說明。

還有兩個:long跟lat。這個是地理位置,我們會用一個工具讓我們知道這些數據:getlonlat。你可以在地圖上找車禍的位置,點那個地方,就可以知道數據。

因為我們網頁要讀工作表的資料,我們必須分享它。(所以,不要記錄太私人的資料!)請點"Publish",然後"More Publishing Options"(更多發佈選項)。我們要把檔案格式改成Atom,然後做出URL。那個URL會有這個格式:http://spreadsheets.google.com/feeds/list/[spreadsheet key]/[worksheet id]/public/values

我們需要的是spreadsheet key跟worksheet id。有這兩個,我們回到原來的HTML檔。請你把var param_wsId =的數據改成自己的worksheet id,然後把var param_ssKey =的數值改成自己的spreadsheet key。

之後只有兩個地方還要修改:一個是地圖下的說明。你可以完全刪掉或修改一下。另一個地方在HTML檔的下面。如果你不想知道有多少人有誤打誤撞到你的系統,你可以把一整段刪掉。如果你想用Google Analytics,你最好建一個帳號,然後把我的code換成自己的。

就這樣,這麼快就可以有一個學生車禍GIS。如果有改善的建議,可以在這裡提出。對了,你可能有發現,雖然我在半年前已經做出來了初期的版本,但是我的GIS裡面卻沒有很多資料。沒錯,這就是我們學校的特色:沒有人對任何事情有興趣。希望你的學生不會這樣。

2008-03-24

Epson CX5900與Linux

剛上個在一台Linux電腦(Ubuntu Gutsy)裝了一台Epson CX5900。最近,如果你辦中華電信固定IP的ADSL,他們送這台CX5900。之前有試過幫一個學生在他電腦(一樣Ubuntu Gutsy)裝他的曾品 - 一台較便宜的噴墨印表機。我忘記是哪一台(C90?),但是那時候找不到適合的驅動程式。所以,我這次有點懷疑會不會有一樣的問題。

不過,整個事情還蠻順利:幾個月前,某一個CUPS的更新有提供相當大的變化。之前你可能自己從一個列單選你的印表機,然後選要用哪一個驅動程式等。現在,你只要把印表機插上去,CUPS馬上全部都做好(如果CUPS知道那台印表機),使用者可以按OK就好。(當然也可以改設定)

所以,列印部分完全沒有任何問題。不過,還有掃描功能。掃描器在Linux還是一個比較麻煩的地方。需多廠商不想開放他們掃描晶片的規格,所以沒有辦法寫相當的驅動程式。第一次啟動xsane的時候,它也沒有找到CX5900。不過,我在這裡找到解決方案:

首先,你必需在/etc/udev/rules.d/45-libsane.rules加這兩行:

# Epson CX-5900
SYSFS{idVendor}=="04b8", SYSFS{idProduct}=="082e", MODE="664", GROUP="scanner"
這樣udev會知道這台掃描器。然後還要告訴sane有這台掃描器,所以在/etc/sane.d/epson.conf加這一行:

usb 0×04b8 0×082e

把印表機的USB線拔掉再插,你就可以掃描...

2008-03-10

No more "English names", please

So you are teaching English. And of course you have given all of your students "English names" - if they didn't already have one. I would like to ask you a question, if you don't mind (and actually even if you do): Why?

Why would someone who is not wanted by FBI, CIA and NBA for something like wearing the wrong t-shirt want a second or even third and fourth name? What is the advantage of that? Running from a marriage?

So you are teaching English. That means you have a certain understanding of English, as well as a certain understanding of language in general, right? Mind if we have a walk? Not through the park, through language. You might want to take your jacket, we may be away for a few minutes...

I'm sure you have heard this example sentence: "The book is on the table." Boring, I know... But let's have a look at some aspects of this sentence which you might not have thought about before. So how does someone know that the book is on the table? Oh, yes, because you said so, of course.

But how does someone know what a book is, and what a table? Talking of that: What is a table? How does it look like? Can we agree that it is (I quote Wikipedia, even though there is no citation for this) "a form of furniture composed of a surface supported by a base, usually four legs"? Sounds sensible, doesn't it? And you noticed that I spoke of "a table", using an indefinite article? So there are a few of them...

For the book we can probably agree on a lot of printed papers bound to one another at one side? So looking back at the example sentence, what we actually want to express with it is "there is a bunch of printed papers being joined on one side, which is currently located on top of a surface that is supported by one to four legs". Sounds pretty complicated, but this is what we mean, what we think of when we say "the book is on the table". (I don't want to dive into the other elements of this sentence now, the nouns are work enough.)

Btw, I think you did tell your students that both "book" and "table" are nouns? And I suppose you remember that nouns are used to name "things". Did I just say "name"? Seems to be: If we can't name something, how do we want to talk about it? However, these nouns seem to apply not just to a single object, but to a whole class of identical or at least similar objects.

So when I hear the word "table", I'm sure that the table I imagine has a colour different from yours. Mine is really shiny, btw. But still, both are tables. So a noun has a semantic component, a meaning, something we think of when we hear that word.

You may have noticed that also here in Taiwan they have tables and books, though they name them slightly differently: "zhuozi" (桌子) for tables and "shu" (書) for books. And this is where dictionaries enter the game: A dictionary basically lists the words used in two different languages for the same things, having the same meanings. So a dictionary is basically just a table pairing words with identical meanings, but belonging to different languages.

And what has all this got to do with names? Well, I would like to ask for your name now, but since that is slightly impossible, let us assume please that your name is "Mike" - a nice, typical "English name". A question: What does it mean?

You never asked yourself that question? I'm sure you will be filled with pride when I tell you the meaning: Who is like God. There are however a few problems with this...

First, Mike is short for Michael, which is a name that comes from Hebrew. So much about the typical "English" name. And second, while some of them were nice fellows, I have not met a single Mike in my life who made the impression he would be in any way related to a God.

So, let's suppose we want to translate your name into another language. Translation means we will transfer a meaning, and the meaning here would be "godlike". (You don't play Quake, do you?) No, wait, if the meaning in English is "godlike", why are you called "Mike" then? Your name should already be the English translation of a Hebrew word!

Confused? Naturally. You may have noticed that names too are nouns, but they are somewhat "special", in English called proper nouns. And these may have a meaning, but that meaning is usually not related to the person a name is assigned to. Doubt? I am not into golf, but the last time I saw an image of Tiger Woods he did not quite look like either a cat or some shrubbery.

Another question: Have you ever met someone from France or have you perhaps been there yourself? How many of the French you met have an English name? Or perhaps Italians? Or Germans?

I am German, and when I tell people that I don't have an "English name", their next question usually is "So what is your German name?" Unfortunately, I don't have such either. My name comes from Scandinavia, is pretty popular in Norway or Sweden. So is it a Swedish name? Or a Norwegian one? Or better a "Scandinavian name"?

Do you understand Chinese? Then you should know that the term used in Taiwan for "English name" is "yingwen mingzi" (英文名字), which means a name written in English. You will never hear the term "yingyu mingzi" (英語名字), which would mean a name spoken in English - this term simply does not exist.

And when Taiwanese speak about "German names" they will call them "dewen mingzi" (德文名字), not "deyu mingzi" (德語名字). So the whole "English name" business is not about the language, it's about the letters the name is written in. I never needed a "Russian name" when I visited the Soviet Union, neither did I need a "Japanese name" when I was living in Japan. (Though I had one, for "special" situations.)

I had just one name until I started to study Chinese. And why did I need a "Chinese name" then? Two reasons: One is computers (Our school's administrative system is even in 2008 unable to process my real name.), the other is the strange phenomenon that Taiwanese can handle thousands of Hanzi, but are often unable (lack of practice, I'd say) to remember the few Roman characters needed for a European's name.

You see, my name is Olaf (Please don't apply English pronounciation to it, OK?), and if I went to Russia now I would just write my name as Олаф - same name, just a different script. In Japan it became オーラフ, and here in Taiwan it could be written as 歐拉夫. (But it isn't.)

It is the same name every time, just in a different script. There is no translation, only transcription. This is how names should be dealt with, and this is how names are dealt with in most parts of this planet. But there is a small island, 394x144km "large"...

And why are things so different on this small island? Quite a few people probably do not like to hear this, but many (most) Taiwanese got a few concepts regarding language wrong, and the really sad thing is that even most of the "language experts" you may encounter are following those wrong concepts. So the people who are supposed to teach language actually teach a few (basic) things incorrectly - and that is not restricted to English, it applies to Chinese too...

One concept that people here in Taiwan do not like to accept is that there is a spoken language and there is a script (characters) chosen for that language. These two are separate items, not a couple married for eternity.

A lot of countries have changed the characters they are using through the course of history. I could not quite read my grandmother's handwriting, because she only wrote partially in Latin script. Vietnam and Korea used to use the same characters as China. Vietnam now uses Latin script, while Korea developed its own.

Mongolia had to get along with Hanzi when it was part of China, now they use Cyrillic script, the same as Russia. And here comes another problem with most people in Taiwan: While they may have heard some of these, they do not actively know. What they know is this:

"I have learned Chinese. The characters I use to write Chinese are therefor 'Chinese characters' (zhongwenzi 中文字). I have learned English. They use different characters. Those are ‘English characters' (yingwenzi 英文字). There is a country nearby called Japan. I have not quite learned their language, but they use different characters. Those are 'Japanese characters' (riwenzi 日文字, sometimes also ribenzi 日本字 - characters of Japan). And there is another country nearby called Korea. They too use different characters. Those are called 'Korean characters' (hanwenzi 韓文字 - or hanguozi 韓國字, characters of Korea)."

Just look at how most people in Taiwan call the language they speak: "zhongwen" (中文). That is "written Chinese". I don't know about you, but I don't speak written text, I only write it. Funnily, there is usually a pair of names for each language, like "fayu" (法語, spoken French) and "fawen" (法文, written French), "riyu" (日語, spoken Japanese) and "riwen" (日文, written Japanese), but this does not apply every time.

There is no "zhongyu" (中語) as someone might expect to accompany "zhongwen" (中文). So, basically, people here in Taiwan only speak a written language... Yes, I know, there is "guoyu" (國語), but what is that? It's the "national language". There are classes with the same name in Japan, teaching - yes, Japanese.

The word used for Taiwanese however is "taiyu" (台語), and there is (Surprise, surprise...) no "taiwen" (台文). The same applies to "American English", now all the rage in Taiwan: There is "meiyu" (美語), but no "meiwen" (美文). (Hmm, does that mean Taiwanese think Americans can't write?) If you should happen to go to the PRC, you may notice that people there care a bit more about correct terms related to language. Though, fortunately, MoE recently decided to call the Mandarin used in Taiwan "huayu" (華語), so at least we finally have a spoken language.

Anyway, in language classes in Taiwan, the message is that there is a language and that language is intrinsically tied to its characters. And that's just not true. Latin script, the characters I am using right now, is the most widely used writing system on this planet. Lots of languages rely on this script, just look at the map.

So why would Taiwanese want an "English name"? Because foreigners can not read their name the way they usually write it: in Hanzi. So, wouldn't it be OK then if Taiwanese knew how to write their name in Latin script? Yes, that is exactly what is needed, but...

You see, due to all the misunderstandings regarding language I mentioned above, transcription systems are not seen as such in Taiwan. "Transcription" would mean that I write the same word (in this case a name) in different characters. For most Taiwanese, Latin script is "English" (since that is the only foreign language using Latin script they learned), so for them a transcription becomes a translation. This is incorrect, but very widely believed in Taiwan.

And unfortunately, nobody really wants to learn any romanisation system. In Japan, people learn Hepburn, so they know how to write their names in Latin script. In the PRC, people learn Hanyu Pinyin, so they too know how to write their names in a writing system many people will understand.

In Taiwan however, the government does not only need to invent their own "system" to emphasize their uniqueness, they do not even bother to teach it at any school. If you do not teach it, who will be able to use it then? So it will be business as usual: Students will still ask "The new foreign teacher can not read Chinese. Can you give me an English name?"

OK, so far I have tried to show you the "scientific evidence" for the whole "English name" game being wrong. Confronted with these facts, the answer I usually get from Taiwanese (and some foreigners) is that it doesn't really matter and that "it's OK if we know it" (我們知道就好。) - so it does not matter if others do not know those names. It seems however, that none of those people ever had to do a certain amount of interpreting.

I am an interpreter, teaching interpreting now and I can torture my students easily with "English names". Even if someone knows who is behind "Twinhead" (and only few know), they usually never have heard of "Powermax". And although they should know a bit about universities in Taiwan, almost nobody knows where exactly "Formosa university" is located. And I didn't even start with people's names...

Let's assume that of the 23m people roaming this small island only ten per cent have an "English name". If your name is indeed Mike, could you please use your divine powers to tell me the English name of Xiao Wanzhen? You don't know? Why?

Oh, no problem, just look it up in a dictionary! After all, dictionaries are there to help you with translations, aren't they? OK, my heaviest dictionaries only hold close to 100,000 records, so I wonder how the 2.3m "English names" (plus their equivalent "Chinese names") should fit in there, but how should I know, I'm just a foreigner living in Taiwan...

But even if there was such a dictionary (or better: a directory), it would need to be updated constantly. Did you notice how quickly people switch their "English names"? What you probably did not know: Even companies and other organisations can relatively easily change their "English name", while it is quite a hassle to change the "Chinese name". The message here: That "English name" is crap anyway, only needed for foreigners, let them guess...

And guessing (or better resigning) is what you end up with if you are an interpreter. But not only then. Imagine this: When I was working in an electronics company in Taizhong, we had a sales guy who suddenly changed his name one day. "Hey, can you call me Elvis now? I don't like my previous name any more..." I can not remember his previous name, but let's say it was Peter.

So "Peter" was known to a few foreigners at other companies. They exchanged business cards, and two months later one of them wants to call Peter. He changed his name a month ago and right after that a new guy came into the company. Peter/Elvis is not there and the new guy answers the phone. He never heard of a "Peter", so he tells the foreigner after a short check that there may have been a Peter before but that there is none now...

And this goes on and on. So if your students ask you for an "English name", please, just don't do it! If you want to teach your students something, teach them a real spelling alphabet, so people on the phone actually know whether that was a "b" or a "p" or a "d" or... And teach them romanisation of Chinese, preferably Hanyu Pinyin, since this still is the international standard (ISO-7098:1991) for writing Chinese in Latin script and may also help them when they go abroad. Otherwise they sit there in another country and have to use English in their correspondence with their parents...

Sorry, our walk took a little longer, but I hope it was worth it...

2008-03-05

社會組科技須知 - 檔案格式 6 (壓縮檔)

這次我不想談很多。你想壓縮太大的檔案?還是想把幾個檔案放到一個壓縮檔?那,一樣的問題:要解壓縮的人會不會有辦法……

目前最流行的壓縮格式(多平台)好像是ZIP。我希望你不會還在違法使用沒有注冊的爛Winzip... 拜託,有不少比它強多的免費軟體!(放心,其中一些會有華語界面)

其實,我原來決定要寫關於壓縮檔的文章主要有一個原因:拜託,拜託,拜託,不要把ZIP檔改成EXE檔!拜託你不要做那麼超笨的事情!你不覺得這樣很笨?好吧:

你有一個文件,說是RTF或也許甚至DOC。RTF是每一個文書處理軟體可以處理的格式。DOC也有很多軟體在很多平台可以處理。不管是Windows、Linux或OS X,都有辦法處理這些檔案。你覺得檔案太大,要把它壓縮。OK,每個桌面作業系統會有辦法解壓縮你的ZIP檔。

但是突然你覺得”嘔,我要給大家一個很方便的檔案,它還會自己解壓縮,只要點兩次就好了!“ Hmm,是不是該說一聲”恭喜“?你剛把所有非Windows的使用者排除。或你覺得把一片文章改成一個Windows的執行檔會有什麼結果?

不過,這還不是你唯一的成功。也許你還沒有發現(因為不在乎或不知道這種事?),但是不少組織不會接受有可執行附加檔的e-mail。原因很簡單:避免中毒。

而且,不只是e-mail。我在我們學校計中工作的時候有在proxy當掉所有在Windows可執行的檔案。這個措施之後,學校的行政電腦突然幾乎沒有中毒的問題……

但是,人事室跟學務處突然會不太高興:一些專家有把那些單位需要的一些文件(當然是DOC)改成可執行壓縮檔(EXE)放在網路上。厲害……

所以,下次壓縮檔案的時候能不能也先動頭一下?你動頭一次,之後很多人不需要搖頭……